India and Iran Relations in Twenty First Century _{Challenges and Future Prospects}

The two countries India and Iran are among the oldest civilisations of the world and their relations are
not new. The relations between the two are of centuries old and it is also said that the two nations belong
to a same family that lived for many centuries in the pasture land of Central Asia (Oxus Valley). The
centuries old mutual interaction enriched each other customs, tradition, art, and architecture. During
medieval period their interaction increased to such a level that it left a permanent stamp on each other's
culture, tradition, art and architecture. During the period, India became the second home of Iranian
culture, art, architecture, festivals and art of gardening. Even Persian language was made a tool of
communication not only in the official matters but also as a means for interchange of thoughts, culture
and literature between the two countries. There is a long list of important books related to different
aspects of life like astronomy, art, health and hygiene, history, mathematics, unani-medicine, music, and
religion which were translated. However with the emergence of British rule over India, both the countries
lost their linkages and contacts between them. No doubt after the end of British rule in India both the
countries tried to develop their relations but the incidents like creation of Pakistan, emergence of cold
war, and Iran's recognition as well as support to Pakistan during India-Pakistan as well as emergence of
Iranian revolution, and Iran-Iraq war restricted their mutual cooperation. With the turn of twenty first
century, both the countries experienced stability in their both domestic and global affairs which led them
to economic development. In contemporary times India and Iran occupies great strategic significance in
their respective regional power structure. India is not only one the fastest growing economy of the world
and of the south Asian region but also provides a big market. While Iran on the other hand, occupies great
strategic importance not only because of its geographic location but also due to its energy resources.