A Traveler From Altruria

Originally published in instalments in Cosmopolitan, this piece of utopian fiction by William Dean Howells delivers a vision of a "one-class" socialist utopia while at once offering a biting critique of unfettered capitalism. The story centres around a visit to America of Mr Homos, a citizen of a mysterious island called Altruria, which is home to a one-class socialist Christian society, with no monetary system and no concept of the rich and poor. In the course of Mr Homos' visit he is appalled by what he sees occurring in late-19th-century America, a society which he likens to his country's own before "Evolution". He is clearly confused by the class system, continuously embarrassing his hosts carrying his own luggage, bowing to waitresses, and other such acts and finds certain activities simply bizarre, for example exercise for its own sake:

To us, exercise for exercise would appear stupid. The barren expenditure of force that began and ended in itself, and produced nothing, we should if you will excuse my saying so look upon as childish, if not insane or immoral.